Caspian Sea: A “lake” so huge that it is larger than Japan and touches five countries

At first glance, the Caspian Sea looks like an ocean that extends endlessly to the horizon, touching the shores of five countries. However, scientists do not classify it as a sea, but rather as the largest lake on Earth, a huge inland body spanning approximately 371,000 square kilometers, which is larger than Japan. It extends across Europe and Asia, and is bordered by Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Iran. Its vast area, unique chemistry, and geopolitical importance make it one of the most attractive geographic wonders on the planet. From ancient Silk Road trade to contemporary oil pipelines, the Caspian Sea has profoundly influenced the region’s historical, economic, and environmental narratives. Despite this, its hybrid status between lake and sea, its lucrative caviar trade, and its pivotal role in global energy politics, remains little known to the world.
Credit: Canva